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The virus enters cells that have a CD4 receptor on their surface (T-helpers, monocytes, macrophages, Langerhans cells, follicular cells of lymph nodes, microglia) by binding its glycoproteins to the CD4 molecule and chemokine receptors.
In the cell, HIV RNA is converted into DNA (reverse transcription), which is integrated into DNA in the nucleus of the host cell using the viral integrase enzyme. HIV proteins formed in the cell are exposed to the protease enzyme, which renders them functional. Thus, the host cell turns into a "machine" for the production of new virions (HIV has a very high replicative activity).
Damage to helper T-lymphocytes (CD4) leads to disruption of intercellular interactions within the immune system, its functional failure, - gradual 4mg, Singulair (Montelukast) 5mg online Asthma 10mg, Buy exhaustion and, as a result, progressive immunodeficiency.
A large number of viral particles circulating in the blood (“viral load” VL) determines the likelihood Buy Aricept (Donepezil) 10mg, 5mg online - General health of a rapid decrease in the number of immune cells.
There is a clear relationship between the rate of CD4 decline and the rate of progression of HIV infection in a patient. As a result of impaired function of helper T-lymphocytes, spontaneous activation of B-lymphocytes occurs, which leads to increased production of non-specific immunoglobulins and an increase in the concentration of circulating immune complexes. The result of disorders in the immune system is a decrease in the body's resistance, a wide range of secondary diseases develop: secondary (opportunistic) infections, oncological, hematological, autoimmune and lymphoproliferative diseases. A characteristic manifestation of HIV infection is chronic inflammation with damage to all organs and systems: autoimmune reactions, immune complex diseases and metabolic disorders lead to damage to the vascular endothelium and connective tissue with the development of cardiovascular, neurological, endocrine and osteoarticular pathologies. All this determines the multiorganism of lesions and the variety of clinical symptoms.
Epidemiology of a disease or condition (groups of diseases or conditions) The source of infection is a person infected with HIV, in any stage of the disease. The role of an infected person as a source of infection increases in the early and late stages of the disease (the stage of primary manifestations and the stage of secondary diseases with a pronounced impairment of immunoreactivity) [1,2,3,4,5,6].
Ways
The virus Buy Singulair (Montelukast) 10mg, 4mg, 5mg is online - Asthma transmitted through blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and breast milk.
The sexual route has been dominant in the spread of HIV infection in recent years.
The probability of infection correlates with the number of human sexual partners and increases with inflammatory and dysplastic diseases of the genital organs and rectum.