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The structure of tuberculosis is dominated by damage to the lymph nodes of different groups - mediastinum, abdominal cavity, peripheral lymph nodes. Among the lesions of other organs, damage to the kidneys, spleen, liver, adrenal glands, pancreas and thyroid gland, uterus, ovaries, testicles, epididymis, prostate, etc.
After a pathomorphological study, various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis were detected in the majority of those who died from HIV, disseminated tuberculosis was diagnosed in more than 90% of patients, and isolated lung damage was observed extremely rarely.
4. Features of the course and morphological diagnosis of pneumocystosis in HIV infection. jirovåcii causes clinically significant lesions in humans only in conditions of pronounced immunodeficiency, more often in premature newborns, patients with severe immunodeficiencies and patients with HIV infection in the late stages. Clinical diagnosis is based on - 75mg Buy signs online Anti-Depressants (Venlafaxine) Venlor of progressively increasing severe respiratory failure over weeks and months, combined with a minimal or moderate characteristic x-ray picture.
There are no available laboratory diagnostic methods. Cytological studies of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or sputum are of great importance in clinical diagnosis.
Macroscopically, lungs with (Venlafaxine) Buy Anti-Depressants Venlor pneumocystosis online 75mg - may have characteristic features.
In typical cases, this diagnosis can be established on the basis of unusually large non-collapsing lungs of "rubber" density, with a smooth, shiny cut surface and the absence of other reasons for the development of such changes. During pneumocystis pneumonia, 3 stages are distinguished. Microscopic examination from the edematous stage reveals very characteristic changes. In the acute phase of the disease, pneumocysts are found on the surface of the mucous membrane of small bronchi, which stain well with the PAS reaction and, especially, with silver impregnation according to the Grocott method. The most typical is the accumulation of pneumocysts in the alveolar ducts and cavities of the alveoli.
With a relatively long course of the disease, there is a thickening of the interalveolar septa and their infiltration by monocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells. In some cases, the development of fibrocystic changes, dystelectasis with alternating atelectatic areas and emphysematous-dilated alveoli is noted.
5. Features of the course and morphological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in HIV infection.
B20.8 With HIV infection, toxoplasmosis is most characteristic of brain lesions.
In the acute course of the process, toxoplasma is found both in nerve cells and extracellularly.
Necrotic changes occur with a mild exudative, predominantly microglial reaction.
As a result of vascular damage, secondary focal aseptic colliquative necrosis is possible.
Subsequently, the necrotic tissue resolves with the formation of cysts.