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Clinical diagnosis is based on signs of progressively increasing severe respiratory failure over weeks and months, combined with a minimal or moderate characteristic x-ray picture.
There are no available laboratory diagnostic methods. Cytological studies of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid or sputum are of great importance in clinical diagnosis.
Macroscopically, lungs with pneumocystosis may have characteristic features. In typical cases, this diagnosis can be established on the basis of unusually large non-collapsing lungs of "rubber" density, with a smooth, shiny cut surface and the absence of other reasons for the development of such changes. During pneumocystis pneumonia, 3 stages are distinguished. Microscopic examination from the edematous stage reveals very characteristic changes.
In the acute phase of the disease, Buy Slimonil pneumocysts Men 60caps online - Herbals are found on the surface of the mucous membrane of small bronchi, which stain well with the PAS reaction and, especially, with silver impregnation according to the Grocott method.
The most typical is the accumulation of pneumocysts in the alveolar ducts and cavities of the alveoli. With a relatively long course of the disease, there is a thickening of the interalveolar septa and their infiltration by monocytes, lymphocytes and plasma cells.
In some cases, the development of fibrocystic changes, dystelectasis with alternating atelectatic areas and emphysematous-dilated alveoli is noted. 5. Features of the course and morphological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in HIV infection.
B20.8 With HIV infection, toxoplasmosis is most characteristic of brain lesions. In the acute course of the process, toxoplasma is found both in nerve cells and extracellularly. Necrotic changes occur with a mild exudative, predominantly microglial reaction.
As a result of vascular damage, secondary focal aseptic colliquative necrosis is possible.
Subsequently, the necrotic tissue resolves with the formation of cysts.
In addition to the brain, toxoplasmosis can also affect the lymph nodes, liver, and other organs. 6. Features of the course and morphological diagnosis of cryptococcosis in HIV infection.
B20.5 Macroscopically, cryptococcosis can be suspected only with a massive lesion of the pia mater, when